One-way analysis of variance was conducted in multiple-group testing
One-way analysis of variance was conducted in multiple-group testing. were comparable ( 0.05) (Table ?(Table1).1). Body weight and length were monitored throughout the study and were similar between the two groups from day 7 to 42 (Figure ?(Figure1A1A and ?and1B)1B) (all 0.05). Table 1 The baseline of control group and hypersensitivity group (= DRAK2-IN-1 40, s, g, cm) value 0.05 0.05 Open in a separate window Open in a separate window Figure 1 Body weight and lengthBody weight (A) and length (B) were monitored weekly from the beginning of the study to the end. There was no significant difference between two groups from days 7 to days 42 (day 7 to 35, = 5/group; day 42, = 15/group, all 0.05). Evaluation of animal models of food allergy To trace the variations in antigen-specific IgE, we measured IgE concentrations weekly DRAK2-IN-1 after administration of oral ovalbumin and compared responses elicited in the hypersensitivity and control groups. Ovalbumin-specific IgE concentrations increased distinctly from day 7 to 42 in the hypersensitivity group (Figure ?(Figure2A).2A). Statistically significant differences were found on days 21 to 42 between the two groups (all 0.05). According to the allergic decision criteria mentioned in the methods section, three rats (3/5, 60%) on day 7, three rats (3/5, 60%) on day 14, three rats (3/5, 60%) on day 21, four rats (4/5, 80%) on day 28, four rats (4/5, 80%) on day 35, and twelve rats (12/15, 80%) on day 42 were allergic. Open in a separate window Figure 2 Evaluation of animal models of food allergyBlood and tissues from hypersensitivity group and control group of rats (day 7 to 35, = 5/group; day 42, = 15/group) were obtained weekly after sensitization and final challenge. (A) Levels of ovalbumin-specific IgE. Ovalbumin-specific IgE concentrations were detected by ELISA. Data are given as means SEM. No immune adjuvant was used. (B) Ovalbumin antigen-induced systemic anaphylaxis analysis. On day 42 (= 15/group), each rat in the hypersensitivity group was challenged by means of intragastric gavage with 100 mg ovalbumin. Rats in the control group were false-challenged by normal saline of the same quantity. Anaphylactic symptoms were evaluated 40 minutes after high dose ovalbumin challenge or false-challenge, and a scoring system was used. (C) Plasma histamine levels. Histamine levels were determined by using a commercial enzyme immunoassay kit. (D and E) Antigen-driven mast cell activation in rats jejunum, 200. A representative section showing toluidine blue staining on jejunum tissue: D, Control group; E, hypersensitivity group. Mast cells are stained a deep blue color. There were numerous mast cells in jejunal mucosa, cytoplasmic granules were purple, the nucleus was blue, and there were nuclei with irregular oval or lobulated shape. Cell membranes were ruptured and the nuclei were oblong to discharge purple granules. (F and G) Antigen-driven eosinophils in rats jejunum. A representative section showing HE staining on jejunum tissues, (F) Control group; G, hypersensitivity group. Eosinophils were stained a deep purple color. Eosinophils were round or oval, the cytoplasm was full of red eosinophils stained by HE, and the nucleus was mishapen with visible pertrusions. Some eosinophils were broken with particles scattered around the cell; (H, I, and J) Th2-associated and Th1-associated cytokine profile. H, I and J were the levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN- respectively in spleen (day 7 to 35, = 5/group; day 42, = 15/group). * 0.05 ; # 0.01 compared with control group. On day 42, rats were fed with 100 mg of ovalbumin by intragastric gavage, and anaphylactic symptom scoring was used to evaluate within 30 to 40 minutes. In the hypersensitivity group one rat presented with a symptom score of 1 1, three rats reached a score of 2, six rats reached a score of 3, and five rats reached a score of 4; none reached a score of 5. Rats in the control group did not show any allergic symptoms, which was marked as a 0 score. Rats in the hypersensitivity group (total score, 45) exhibited more severe reactions than rats in the control group (total DRAK2-IN-1 score, 0) (Figure ?(Figure2B2B). Plasma histamine levels were obviously elevated in the hypersensitive rats compared to Rabbit polyclonal to IGF1R the control group rats..